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Trees and forests are often referred to as the ‘lungs of the planet’ for a very simple reason: they produce oxygen. It is estimated that 1 acre of trees can provide the oxygen requirements of 12 people for a year.
In addition to absorbing CO2, trees also absorb harmful pollutant gases such as sulphur dioxide, ozone, ammonia, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
Trees cool the surrounding air by providing shade and by a process called transpiration cooling. This is where trees release water droplets from their leaves that cool the surrounding area when they evaporate.
beneficios sociales, avantages sociaux
We derive many medicines from tree bark, leaves and flowers of different species. These are usually used in herbal medicine, but many compounds in pharmaceutical industries are based on those originally extracted from trees.
Many of the world’s extreme poor live close to a forested area. Food, drink and equipment obtained from these forests can account for up to 28% of total household earnings in some tropical and subtropical regions.
Trees and nature have been shown to improve mental health and cognition in both healthy individuals and those suffering from mental illness.
faune, tierwelt, dzikiej przyrody
Forests support approximately 80% of the world’s terrestrial biodiversity. This ranges from small invertebrates to large mammals.
Trees also support large numbers of insect populations, with some trees such as Birch and willow supporting upwards of 300 species of insect.
As many as 100 species a day could go extinct from the loss of closed tropical rain forests.
clima, klimaat, climatizado, climat
Natural forests capture CO2, acting as carbon sinks. Every year, forests and trees absorb the equivalent of 2 billion tonnes of CO2, roughly 1/3 of all CO2 released from the burning of fossil fuels.
Deforestation enhances climate change by releasing stores of CO2. Roughly 18% of global emissions comes from deforestation (5-10 GtCO2e) which is more than the world’s entire transport sector.
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Trees make soil less vulnerable to erosion. The tree canopy also provides protection for the soil underneath.
Tree detritus (often in the form of fallen leaves) enables nutrient recycling between the trees and soil.
Tree roots both loosen the topsoil and increase the porosity in the subsoil. Also, the reliable source of carbon from perennial trees benefits the microorganism in the soil which binds the soil particles together improving structure.
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